Math

Discount calculator

Sale price after a percent or flat discount, with optional tax.

01Inputs
02Results
Sale price (before tax)
from
You save
Tax added
Final price (with tax)
How the original price breaks down
Sale price Saved

Sale = original × (1 − discount %), or original − flat amount. Tax is applied to the discounted price (post-discount tax).

03How it works

Why this calculation

Sale tags are designed to feel exciting, not to be exact. "30 % off!", "Take an extra €20!", "−40 % on selected items, plus 20 % VAT at checkout!" Most shoppers do the math in their head and get it wrong by a few percentage points — fine for a single coffee, costly when you're stacking discounts on a big-ticket purchase. This calculator handles all four common cases: percent off, flat amount off, with or without sales tax/VAT applied to the discounted price. It also reports the effective discount percentage when you enter a flat amount, so you can compare a "20 € off" coupon against a "15 % off" coupon on the same item.

The formula

Percent off: sale = original × (1 − pct/100). Flat amount: sale = max(0, original − amount); the calculator clamps so a 25 € discount on a 20 € item produces a free item, not a negative price. Effective discount % = (original − sale) / original × 100, useful when you punched in a flat amount and want the equivalent rate. Tax: if a tax rate is given, tax = sale × rate / 100, and final = sale + tax. Tax is applied to the post-discount price — the standard treatment everywhere except a few US jurisdictions that tax pre-discount; if you live in one of those, treat the post-tax line as a lower bound and add the local rule manually.

How to use

Enter the original price, pick the discount type (percent off or flat amount), enter the discount value, and optionally enter a sales tax / VAT percentage. The calc shows: the sale price (before tax), the amount you save, the effective discount percentage, the tax amount, and the final price out of the door. If you don't shop in a tax-applied jurisdiction (US most cases), leave tax at 0 — the "final" line will equal the "sale" line.

Worked example

A jacket originally priced at 120 € with 30 % off, French VAT 20 % already in the displayed price (no tax to add). - Sale: 120 × 0.70 = 84.00 €. - You save: 36.00 € (30 % effective). - Final: 84.00 € (tax already in the displayed price, rate left at 0).

Same jacket as a US item priced $120 pre-tax, 30 % off, 8.5 % sales tax. - Sale: $120 × 0.70 = $84.00. - Tax: 84 × 0.085 = $7.14. - Final: $91.14.

Pitfalls

Stacked discounts. Two coupons of 20 % each are not 40 % off, they're 36 % off (1 − 0.8 × 0.8). If your coupon says "extra 20 % off the sale price" and the item is already 30 % off, the calc supports this — chain it: first compute 30 % off, then re-enter the result as the original price and apply the 20 % off. Most retailers add coupons in this multiplicative way; some special promotions add them additively (rare). Read the small print.

Flat amount on a percentage display. If the tag says "−€20" but you enter that into a "percent off" field as 20 you'll undercount the discount on cheap items and overcount it on expensive ones. Toggle to Flat amount when in doubt.

Tax-inclusive vs tax-exclusive prices. EU/UK prices nearly always include VAT in the shelf price (no tax to add). US prices nearly always exclude state/local sales tax. The calc cannot infer which regime you're in — leave the tax rate at 0 if the displayed price already includes tax.

Negative discount. Entering a discount larger than the original (e.g. 110 % off) produces a sale price of 0; the saving is capped at the original. Combinations of discount > tax pre-application can produce surprising final-with-tax values that exceed the sale price — they shouldn't, the math is correct, but a refunded-tax workflow on the seller's side might recover that delta later.

Decimal vs comma. The form uses HTML number inputs, which accept both depending on the OS locale. If a parsed value comes out as 0 unexpectedly, check whether your keyboard layout used a thousand separator the input rejected.

Variations

  • Tip on top of discount: use the dedicated tip calculator after you've fixed the sale price. Tips are usually computed pre-discount for the staff to be fairly compensated, but on the consumer side that's optional.
  • Bundle / BOGO ("buy one get one"): not modelled; convert to an effective percentage (BOGO 50 % = 25 % per item if both items are the same price) and feed that here.
  • Fee on top: treat fees as a separate tax-style addition. Combine multiple fees into a single rate or run the calc twice.
  • Per-currency: the calc carries the user's currency symbol via the site-wide auto-detect; price math is currency-agnostic.

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